"The record makes clear that due to average physiological differences, males would displace females to a substantial extent if they were allowed to compete for positions on the volleyball team. Thus, athletic opportunities for women would be diminished. The situation here is one where there is clearly a substantial relationship between the exclusion of males from the team and the goal of redressing past discrimination and providing equal opportunities for women."

http://id.findacase.com/research/wfrmDocViewer.aspx/xq/fac.19890508_0041680.C09.htm/qx

Clark v. Arizona Interscholastic Association - UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

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